5 VEGETATION TYPES:
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Mangrove swamp - it is found in all sheltered river mouths and bays in the area. Among the dominant species found are Rhizopora apiculata, Bruguieria gymnorrhiza, Sonneratia alba, Avicenia marina, and Avicenia officinales. Rhizopora apiculata is the most dominant mangrove species that can be found in almost every part of the bay.
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Beach forest - is found in all the coastal parts of the area. Species such as Pongamia pinnata, Intsia bijuga, Terminalia catappa, Barringtonia acutangula, and Barringtonia racemosa are found dominant in the area.
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Lowland dipterocarp forest - Shorea contorta, Dipterocarpus grandiflorus, Shorea polysperma, Dipterocarpus gracilis and Anisoptera thurifera are some of the prominent species that can be seen in this area.
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Parang (grassland community) - this is an open area where bamboo, binayuyu and other grasses are present. The species found in the area are Saging butuhan, talahib, tambo, cogon, kupang, etc. Such kind of forest can be found between the middle and upper elevation of the area.
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Limestone forest - the presence of rocky terrain with very thin top soils is the main characteristic of this forest. Other indicates for this type of forest is the presence of some limestone species such as: Vitex parviflora, Alstonia macrophylla, Antidesma ghasembilla, Casuarina equisetifolia and some species from the Syzygium family.
5 SPECIES OF RATTAN (IN ORDER OF FREQUENCY OR OCCURRENCE):
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Kurakling (Calamus spinifolius)
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Palasan (Calamus merrillii)
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Ditaan (Daemonorops mollis)
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Limuran (Calamus ornatus var. philippinensis)
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Tandulang parang or baboyan (Calamus usitatus)
THREATENED SPECIES:
Akle (Albizia acle)
Palasan(Calamus merrillii)
Kamagong(Diospyros philippinensis)
Dao(Dracontomelon dao)
Lamio(Dracontomelon edule)
Kalantas(Toona calantas)
Lanete(Wrightia pubescens spp. Laniti)
RARE SPECIES:
Tindalo (Afzelia rhomboidea)
Hairy-leaf apitong(Dipterocarpus philippinensis)
Yakal(Shorea astylosa)
Kurakling(Calamus spinifolius)
FAUNA: Facts and Figures
The Subic Bay Protected Area has unique and complex ecosystems and species of flora and fauna found nowhere else. It is unique, in a sense that is possible to draw an imaginary line through it that would encompass all the known ecosystems from rainforest to grassland and mangrove habitats that blend into the marine seagrass and coral habitats.
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The Subic Forest and Watershed Reserve
Classification: secondary growth lowland dipterocarp forest
Area: 10,000 hectares; 3,000 of which is closed canopy
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WILDLIFE VERTEBRATES:
a total of 122 species were identified from 99 genera and 57 families
birds - 83 species
mammals - 16 species
reptiles - 15 species
amphibians - 8 species
Total - 122 species
83 species of birds account for almost 15% of all bird species in the Philippines
(557) and 29% of all Luzon bird species (289)
16 species of mammals account for 8% of all mammal species recorded in the Philippines
15 species of reptiles belong to 14 genera and 10 families
8 species of amphibians belong to 1 order and 2 families
Philippine Bulbul (Hypsipetes philippinus)
Pygmy Swiftlet (Collocalia troglodytes)
Glossy Swiftlet (Collocalia esculenta)
Brown-backed Needle Tail Swift (Hirundapus gigantean)
Amethyst Fruit Dove (Phapitreron amethystine)
White-eared Fruit Dove (P. leucotis)
Lesser Coucal (Centropus bengalensis)
Barred Rail (Rallus torquatus)
Red Jungle Fowl (Gallus gallus)
Scale-feathered Malkoha (Phoenicophaeus cumingii)
Balicassiao (Dicrurus balicassius)
Gray Imperial Pigeon (Ducula pickeringii)
Large-billed Crow (Corvus macrorhynchus)
Tree Sparrow (Passer montanus)
COMMON AND ABUNDANT SPECIES
Birds
Night Jar (Caprimulgus sp.)
Frogmouth (Batrachostomus septimus)
Stripe-headed Rhabdornis (Rhabdornis mysticalis)
Quail (Coturnix sp.)
Blue Rock Thrush (Monticola solitarius)
Yellow-bellied Whistler (Pachycephala philippensis)
Philippine Fairy Blue Bird (Irena cyanogaster)
Mammals
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Striped Shrew Rat (Chrotomys mindorensis)
Philippine Warty Pig (Sus philippensis)
Reptiles
Wagler’s Pit Viper (Trimerisurus wagleri)
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Amphibians
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Swamp Frog (Rana leytensis)
Diminutive Forest Frog (Platymantis mimulus)
RARE SPECIES:
Birds
Mammals
Long-tailed Macaque (Macaca fascicularis)
Lesser-flat Headed Bat (Tylonycteris pachypus)
Common Short-nosed Fruit Bat (Cynopterus brachyotis)
Musky Fruit Bat (Ptenochirus jagori)
Reptiles
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Philippine Gecko (Gekko gecko)
Variable Malay Monitor Lizard (Varanus salvator)
Philippine Cobra (Naja naja)
Flying Lizard (Draco sp.)
Common Mabouya (Mabuya multifasciata)
Amphibians
Brackish Water Frog (Rana cancrivora)
Puddle Frog (Occidozyga laevis)
Common Forest Frog (Platymantis dorsalis) Variable-backed Frog (Rana signata)
​Philippine Duck (Anas luzonica)
Philippine Falconet (Microhierax erythrogonys)
Philippine Serpent Eagle (Spilornis holospilus)
Pink-bellied Imperial Pigeon (Ducula poliocephala)
Luzon Bleeding-heart Pigeon (Gallicolumba luzonica)
Colasisi (Loriculus p. philippensis)
Guaiabero Fig-Parrot (Bolbopsittacus l. lunulatus)
Luzon Montane Racquet-Tail (Prioniturus montanus)
Blue-headed Racquet-Tail (P. platenae)
Green Racquet-Tail (P. luconensis)
Luzon Scop’s Owl (Otus longicornis)
Jungle Kingfisher (Ceyx melanurus)
Luzon Tarictic Hornbill (Penelopides m. manillae)
Philippine Pygmy Woodpecker (Picoides maculatus)
Sooty Woodpecker (Mulleripicus f. funebris)
White-bellied Woodpecker (Dryocopus javensis confuses)
Reptiles
Philippine Pit-Viper (Trimeresurus flavormaculatus)
THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES
Birds
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THREATENED AND ENDANGERED SPECIES
Amphibians
Mountain Forest Frog (Platymantis montanus)
Luzon Forest Frog (P. luzonensis)
Diminutive Forest Frog (P. mimulus)
Pygmy Forest Frog (P. pygmaeus)
Woodworth’s Frog (Rana woodworthi)
Everett’s Frog (Rana everetti luzonensis)
Luzon Chorus Frog (Kaloula kalingensis)
Luzon Narrow-mouthed Frog (Kaloula rigida)
FLORA
PLANT SPECIES: 745 belonging to 429 genera and 122 families. 25 species of ferns and fern allies belong to 19 genera and 12 families. Most abundant and dominant species: White Lauan (Shorea contorta), and Apitong (Dipterocarpus grandiflorus).
Philippine Gecko | Wagler’s_Pit_Viper_(Trimeresurus_wagleri) | Variable Malay Monitor Lizard (Varanus salvator) |
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Common Mabuya (Mabuya multifasciata) | Philippine Cobra (Naja naja) | Flying Lizard (Draco sp.) |
OTHER COMMON SPECIES:
Bolong-eta (Diospyros pilosanthera)
Anyatan(Cliestanthus blancoi)
Pandakaki(Ervantamia pandacaqui)
Alupag(Litchi chinensis subspecies philippinensis)
Tamayuan(Strombosia philippinensis)
Firetree(Delonix regia)
Tibig(Ficus nota)
Malimali(Leae quinensis)
Kupang(Parkia roxborgii)
Tangisang bayawak(Ficus variegata)
3 SPECIES OF BAMBOO:
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Bikal (Schizostachyum diffusum)
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Buho (Schizostachyum lumampao)
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Kawayan tinik (Bambusa spinosa)
Yakal(Shorea astylosa) | Tindalo (Afzelia rhomboidea) | Tibig (Ficus nota) | Palasan(Calamus merrillii) |
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Lanete(Wrightia pubescens spp. Laniti) | Pandakaki (Ervatamia pandacaqui) | Lamio(Dracontomelon edule) | Kurakling(Calamus spinifolius) |
Kupang (Parkia roxburghii) | Kamagong (Diospyros philippinensis) | Kawayan tinik (Bambusa spinosa) | Kalantas(Toona calantas) |
Hairy-leafed apitong(Dipterocarpus philippinensis) | Firetree (Delonix regia) | Dao(Dracontomelon dao) | Alupag (Litchi chinensis subspecies philippinensis) |
Bolong-eta (Diospyros pilosanthera) | Akle (Albizia acle) | Buho (Schizostachyum lumampao) | Bikal (Schizostachyum diffusum) |
(Cliestanthus blancoi) |